Since the lubricant affects bearing
life and operation, selecting the proper lubricant is an important
design function. The purpose of lubrication in bearing applications
is to:
1. Minimize friction at points of
contact within the bearings
2. Protect the highly finished bearing
surfaces from corrosion
3. Dissipate heat generated within the
bearings
4. Remove foreign matter or prevent its
entry into the bearings
Two basic types of lubricants used with
antifriction bearings are oils and greases. Each has its advantages
and limitations.
Since oil is a liquid, it lubricates
all surfaces and is able to dissipate heat from these surfaces more
readily. Because oil retains its physical characteristics over a
wider range of temperatures, it may be used for high-speed and
high-temperature applications.
The quantity of oil supplied to the
bearing may be accurately controlled. Oil lubricants can be
circulated, cleaned, and cooled for more effective lubrication.
Grease, which is easier to retain in the bearing housing, aids as a
sealant against foreign matter and corrosive fumes.
Bearing Oil Lubrication
1. Oil is a better lubricant for high
speeds or high temperatures. It can be cooled to help reduce bearing
temperature.
2. Oil is easier to handle, and with
oil it is easier to control the amount of lubricant reaching the
bearing. It is harder to retain in the bearing. Lubricant losses may
be higher than with grease.
3. As a liquid, oil can be introduced
into the bearing in many ways, such as drip feed, wick feed,
pressurized circulating systems, oil bath, or air-oil mist. Each is
suited to certain types of applications.
4. Oil is easier to keep clean for
recirculating systems.
Bearing Grease Lubrication
1. This type of lubrication is
restricted to lower-speed applications within the
operatingtemperature limits of the grease.
2. Grease is easily confined in the
housing.This is important in the food, textile, and chemical
industries.
3. Bearing enclosure and seal design is
simplified.
4. Grease improves the efficiency of
mechanical seals to give better protection to the bearing.
For all new applications, a competent
bearing or lubrication engineer should be consulted to recommend the
specific lubricant and method of lubrication for the specific
bearing’s operating and ambient conditions.
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Dow Corning DC 976 vacuum grease
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