How A Steam Flows In Turbines?
For large turbines, the steam jets are
generally designed so the steam fl ow is in a direction approximately
parallel to the rotor shaft; these are known as axial-fl ow turbines.
Small turbines have their steam flow approximately tangent to the rim
of the rotor and are called tangential flow turbines.
The steam flow in smaller units may be
radially inward toward or outward from the shaft; these are known as
radial-flow turbines.
A turbine in which nearly all the steam
that drives the turbine flows through the blades in the same general
direction parallel to the rotor axis is known as a single-flow
turbine.
A turbine in which the main steam
current is divided and the parts fl ow parallel to the rotor axis in
opposite directions is known as a double-fl ow turbine.
The latter is used to drive a large
generator where the size of a single-flow turbine is so large as to
become impractical or uneconomical. Where generation requirements are
large, resort is sometimes had to a topping turbine.
This turbine operates at high pressure
(1000 to 1200 pounds per square inch) and the entire volume of steam
passes through it driving a generator. The steam exhausts at low
pressure (500 to 600 pounds per square inch).
This is then passed through one (or
more) single-fl ow or double-fl ow turbines, driving a second (or
third) generator of smaller capacity than the one driven by the high
pressure turbine.
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